Architecture

Spring AI + PostgreSQL pgvector: Low-Cost RAG Solution

16 December 2025·1820 words·9 mins

Spring AI Architecture Spring AI PostgreSQL Pgvector RAG GenAI Java Vector Database Backend Development

Why buy a specialized Vector DB when you already have PostgreSQL? This deep dive explores how to implement a cost-effective, production-grade RAG architecture using Spring AI’s PgvectorVectorStore, covering setup, HNSW indexing strategies, metadata filtering, and full implementation details.

Vector Database Comparison: Pinecone vs Milvus vs pgvector

13 December 2025·1779 words·9 mins

Spring AI Architecture Vector Database RAG Pinecone Milvus PostgreSQL Java Spring Boot GenAI

Selecting the right vector store is the critical architectural decision in building RAG applications. This guide compares the three market leaders—Pinecone (SaaS), Milvus (Cloud-native), and pgvector (PostgreSQL extension)—specifically through the lens of Spring AI integration, configuration, and long-term operational costs.

Complete Guide to Spring AI Architecture and Core Concepts

2 October 2025·1277 words·6 mins

Spring AI Architecture Spring AI Architecture Java AI LLM Integration Vector Databases RAG Pattern Function Calling Software Design

Mastering Spring AI requires more than just knowing the API. This guide dissects the internal architecture, from the generic Model interface to the Vector Store abstraction, empowering you to build scalable, cloud-agnostic AI solutions.

Spring AI vs LangChain4j: Which Java AI Framework to Choose?

13 September 2025·1631 words·8 mins

Spring AI Architecture Java AI LLM RAG Generative AI Spring Boot 3 LangChain OpenAI

The Java AI landscape has evolved into a two-horse race. This guide dissects the trade-offs between the official Spring AI project and the community-driven LangChain4j, focusing on abstraction layers, DX, and production readiness.